TEN

Oscan "𐌃𐌄𐌊𐌄𐌍 (deken)" suggests centum origin of this word but Umbrian "𐌃𐌄𐌔𐌄𐌌 (desem)" from the same group suggests satem origins. This is yet another example proving that it is impossible to prove which "form" came first.

In Germanic word "ten" already in Old High German there was a typical of Deutsch people change of the "T" sound into "Z" creating "zehan" instead of "tehan" or maybe even earlier satem "desan". Final "an" could suggest the nasal sound "ą" appearing in this place and still kept in Old Church Slavonic "десѧть (desętĭ)" or maybe even Latin "decem" equal to "dekę". In Lithuanian there is a nasal "IM" in "dešimt" and it might have formed from a possible earlier "dešęt".

DEK- DEG-

Oscan: 𐌃𐌄𐌊𐌄𐌍 (deken)

Latin: decem

Ancient Greek: δέκα (déka)

Greek: δέκα (déka)

Old Breton: dec

Middle Breton: dek

Breton: dek

Cornish: deg

Middle Welsh: deg

Welsh: deg

Sardinian: deghe

DES-

Lithuanian: dešimt

Latvian: desmit

Old Prussian: desīmtan

Old Church Slavonic: десѧть ⰴⰵⱄⱔⱅⱏ (desętĭ)

Old East Slavic: десѧть (desętĭ)

Belarusian: дзе́сяць (dzjésjacʹ)

Russian: де́сять (désjatʹ)

Rusyn: де́сять (désjatʹ)

Ukrainian: де́сять (désjatʹ)

Bulgarian: де́сет (déset)

Macedonian: десет (deset)

Serbo-Croatian: десет, deset

Slovene: desẹ̑t

Czech: deset

Kashubian: dzesãc

Polish: dziesięć

Slovak: desať

Upper Sorbian: dźesać

Venetian: diéxe (diese)

Ossetian: дӕс (dæs)

Umbrian: 𐌃𐌄𐌔𐌄𐌌 (desem)

Kalami: دش‎ (dəš)

Torwali: دش‎ (dəš)

Zazaki: des

Old Portuguese: dez

Galician: dez

Portuguese: dez

Asturian: diez

Spanish: diez

Aragonese: diez

Occitan: dètz

Romansch: diesch

Sarikoli: δes

Sogdian: δəs, δəsá

Shumashti: däs

Kanyawali: däš

Sicilian: deci

Corsican: deci

Italian: dieci, diece

DEH-

Northern Kurdish: deh

Kesehi: دِه‎ (deh)

Mahallati: دِه‎ (deh)

Qohrudi: دِه‎ (deh)

Tat: däh

Burenjani: däh

Papuni: däh

Somghani: däh

Nayini: ده‎ (däh)

Old Irish: deich

Irish: deich

Scottish Gaelic: deich

TEH-

Old Saxon: tehan

ZEH-

Old High German: zehan

Middle High German: zehen

Central Franconian: zehn

German: zehn

ZEK-

Romanian: zece

DAS-

---> Komi-Zyrian: дас (das)

---> Udmurt: дас (das)

Sanskrit: दश (dáśa)

Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀤𑀲 (dasa)

Fiji Hindi: das

Kalasha: daš

Dameli: daš

Shahmirzadi: das

Ormuri: das

Manichaean: 𐫅𐫘‎ (ds /das/)

Lasgerdi: das

Sangisari: das

Biyabanaki: dās

Semnani: das

Sorkhei: dȧs

Old Avestan: dasā

Younger Avestan: dasa

Ossetian: дӕс (dæs)

Khotanese: dasau, daso

Tumshuqese: dase

Wakhi: δas

Pali: dasa

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀤𑀲 (dasa)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀤𑀲 (dasa)

Gujarati: દશ (daś), દસ (das)

Hindi: दस (das)

Urdu: دس‎ (das)

Nepali: दस (dasa), दश (daśa)

Punjabi: ਦਸ, دس‎ (das)

Ishkashimi: das

Kohistani: daš

Wotapuri-Katarqalai: daš(ə)

Phalura: داش (dāš)

Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀤𑀰 (daśa)

Yagnobi: дас (das)

Palula (Dardic): dáaš

Gawar-Bati: daš

Aromanian: dzatsi

TAS-

Old Armenian: տասն (tasn)

Armenian: տաս (tas)

ZAS-

Lower Sorbian: źaseś, źaseśo

DAH-

Tirahi: dah

Rajasthani: दाह (dāh)

Kashmiri: دَہ‎ (dah)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀤𑀳 (daha)

Marathi: दहा (dahā)

Sinhalese: දහය (dahaya)

Bakhtiari: dāh

Classical Persian: ده‎ (dah)

Iranian Persian: ده‎ (dah)

Tajik: даҳ (dah)

Mamasani: dāh

Middle Persian: dah

Farizandi: داه‎ (dāh)

Yarandi: داه‎ (dāh)

Southern Tati: dah

Gilaki: dah

DOS-

Bengali: দশ (dôś)

Bishnupriya Manipuri: দশ (dôś)

Oriya: ଦଶ (dôśô)

Sylheti: ꠖꠡ (dośo)

Waigali: dōš

Sanglechi: dō̌s

Zebaki: dōs

Khufi: δos

Roshani: δos

Parachi: dȫs, dōs

Gawar-Bati: d ɔš

Ishkashimi: dos

Khowar: جوش‎ (ǰoš)

DOK-

Rohingya: doc

DOH-

Assamese: দহ (doh)

DUS-

Bartangi: δus

Rasharvi (Oroshori): δus

Ashkun: dus

Yazgulyam: δůs

Chorasmian: δy̆s

DUC-

Kamviri: dúć

Kativiri: duċ

TEN-

Old English: tēn, tēne

Middle English: tene, ten

English: ten

Scots: tene, ten

Old Frisian: tēne

Westmünsterländisch: tehn

Old Dutch: tēn

Middle Low German: tēn

Middle Dutch: tien

Dutch: tien

Afrikaans: tien

DA-

Baluchi: dah, دہ‎ (da)

Central Kurdish: دە‎ (da)

Southern Kurdish: دە‎ (da)

Laki: دە‎ (da)

Masarmi: dā

Lari: da

Talysh: da

Sivandi: دە‎ (da)

Gurani: دە‎ (da)

Munji: dā̌

Mazanderani: da

Yarandi: دا‎ (dā)

Southern Tati: da

Gilaki: da

Shina: دَئ‎ (daï)

TA-

Gothic: 𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌿𐌽 (taihun)

Helgoland: tain

Sauerländisch: tain

TEI-

German Low German: teihn

Middle Low German: tein

Hamburgisch: tein

Gutnish: tei, teiå, teiu

DE-

Pashayi: دې‎ (dē)

Khunsari: دی‎ (dē)

Vonishuni: ده‎ (de)

Catalan: deu

Aragonese: deu

ZE-

Istro-Romanian: zeţe

Cimbrian: zene, sègane

Luxembourgish: zéng

TE-

Old English: tȳn, tēa

DIS-

Polabian: disąt

Old French: dis

Friulian: dîs

Shughni: д̌ӣс (δīs)

GIS-

Istriot: gise, gize

DI-

Walloon: dijh

Dhivehi: ދިހަ‎ (diha)

Zefrehi: دیه‎ (dih)

Dalmatian: dic

Norman: dgix

French: dix

TI-

---> Hungarian: tíz

Old Norse: tíu

Icelandic: tíu

Old Swedish: tīo, tīu

Swedish: tio

Norn: ti

Norwegian: ti

Danish: ti

Old Frisian: tiān, tīne

Sauerländisch: tian

Föhr-Amrum: tjiin

Mooring: tin

Wiedingharde: tiin

Old English: tīn, tīen

German Low German: tiehn

Faroese: tíggju

Saterland Frisian: tjoon

Middle Low German: tīgen, tīn, tīen

TY-

Old English: tȳn

TOI-

Ravensbergisch-Lippisch: tåijjen

TS-

West Frisian: tsien

DS-

Buddhist: δs, δsʾ, δsh

Christian: dsʾ

Manichaean: 𐫔𐫘‎ (δs), 𐫔𐫘𐫀‎ (δsʾ)

Sogdian: 𐼹𐼼‎ (δs), 𐼹𐼼𐼰‎ (δsʾ) 𐼹𐼼𐼳‎ (δsh)

DH-

Albanian: dhjetë

Konkani: धा (dhā)

Manichaean: 𐫅𐫍‎ (dh)

JE-

Manx: jeih

SEK-

Tocharian A: śäk

SAK-

Tocharian B: śak

LAS-

Bactrian: λασο (laso /las/)

Pashto: لس‎ (las)

Waneci: las

LES-

Prasuni: läzë

Pashto: لس‎ (lës)

LOS-

Yidgha: los

Article created on the 10th of August 2019.