RED

Interesting seems the connection between Slavic "ruda" meaning "ore" most usually "iron ore" and Finnic Livonian "rōda" meaning "iron".

The word "Ruby" representing a red gem comes from a Latin word for "red" namely "rubeus".

English verb "to roast" is also very interesting as it indicates a process of "turning red meat into a ruddy, rusty color" or simply "making meat brown".

RAUD-

---> Estonian: raud ("iron")

---> Finnish: rauta ("iron")

---> Ingrian: rauta ("iron")

---> Karelian: rauta, rauda ("iron")

---> Livvi: raudu ("iron")

---> Ludian: raud ("iron")

---> Veps: raud ("iron")

---> Võro: raud ("iron")

---> Votic: rauta ("iron")

Sanskrit: रोहित (ráudhita, róhita, ráuhita) ("red, red mare")

Old Norse: rauðr

Icelandic: rauður

Norwegian Nynorsk: raud

Gutnish: raudar, raudår, raudur

Gothic: 𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌸𐍃 (rauþs)

Latvian: raũds ("iron")

Lithuanian: raudona

Samogitian: rauduona

Jatvingian: raude

RUD-

Sanskirt: रुधिर (rudhirá) ("red, blood-red, bloody, saffron, the bloodred planet or Mars")

Cornish: rudh

Welsh: rhudd

Middle English: ruddy, rody, rudi

English: ruddy

Old English: rudiġ ("reddish, ruddy")

Old English: rudian ("to be red")

Middle English: ruden, rudden ("to be red")

English: rud ("to be red")

North Frisian: ruad, rüüdj

Vilamovian: rūt

Old East Slavic: руда (ruda) ("iron ore")

Belarusian: руда́ (rudá) ("iron ore")

Russian: руда́ (rudá) ("iron ore")

Ukrainian: руда́ (rudá) ("iron ore")

Old Church Slavonic: роуда (ruda) ("iron ore")

Bulgarian: ру́да (rúda) ("iron ore")

Macedonian: ру́да (rúda) ("iron ore")

Serbo-Croatian: ру́да, rúda ("iron ore")

Slovene: rúdа ("iron ore")

Czech: ruda ("iron ore")

Kashubian: ruda ("iron ore")

Polish: ruda ("iron ore")

Slovak: ruda ("iron ore")

Upper Sorbian: ruda ("iron ore")

Lower Sorbian: ruda ("iron ore")

Old East Slavic: рудъ (rudŭ)

Belarusian: ру́ды (rúdy)

Russian: ру́дый (rúdyj), рудо́й (rudój)

Ukrainian: руди́й (rudýj)

Bulgarian: руд (rud)

Macedonian: руд (rud)

Serbo-Croatian: ру̑д rȗd

Slovene: rȗd

Czech: rudý

Polish: rudy

Slovak: rudý

Upper Sorbian: rudy

Latin: rutilus

RUS-

Latin: russus

Church Slavonic: русъ (rusŭ) ("fair, blonde hair; yellow, red, light-colored")

Old East Slavic: русъ (rusŭ) ("fair, blonde hair; yellow, red, light-colored")

Belarusian: ру́сы (rúsy) ("fair, blonde hair; yellow, red, light-colored")

Russian: ру́сый (rúsyj) ("fair, blonde hair; yellow, red, light-colored")

Ukrainian: ру́сий (rúsyj) ("fair, blonde hair; yellow, red, light-colored")

Old Church Slavonic: роусъ ⱃⱆⱄⱏ (rusŭ) ("fair, blonde hair; yellow, red, light-colored")

Bulgarian: рус (rus) ("fair, blonde hair; yellow, red, light-colored")

Macedonian: рус (rus) ("fair, blonde hair; yellow, red, light-colored")

Serbo-Croatian: ру̏с rȕs ("fair, blonde hair; yellow, red, light-colored")

Slovene: rȗs ("fair, blonde hair; yellow, red, light-colored")

Czech: rusý, rysý ("fair, blonde hair; yellow, red, light-colored")

Polish: rusy ("fair, blonde hair; yellow, red, light-colored")

Slovak: rusý ("fair, blonde hair; yellow, red, light-colored")

Polabian Drevani: ryza ("pink")

Old English: rust, rūst ("iron rust")

Middle English: rust, roust, rost ("iron rust")

English: rust ("iron rust")

Saterland Frisian: rust ("iron rust")

Norwegian: rust, ryst (dialectal) ("iron rust")

Danish: rust ("iron rust")

Gothic: 𐍂𐌿𐍃- (rus-) ("iron rust")

Galician: rustrir ("to roast")

ROS- RUOS- ROUS-

---> Estonian: rooste ("iron rust")

---> Veps: roste ("iron rust")

---> Ingrian: roosse ("iron rust")

---> Votic: roosõ ("iron rust")

Old Saxon: rost ("iron rust")

Old High German: rost ("iron rust")

Middle Low German: rost ("iron rust")

Low German: Rost ("iron rust")

Middle Dutch: rost, roest ("iron rust")

Middle High German: rost ("iron rust")

German: Rost ("iron rust")

Swedish: rost ("iron rust")

Old Frisian: rōster ("to roast")

Saterland Frisian: rosterje, rusterje, rustje ("to roast")

Old Saxon: rōst ("to roast")

Middle Low German: rôsten, rôsteren ("to roast")

Old Swedish: rosta ("to roast")

Swedish: rosta ("to roast")

Middle Dutch: rôosten ("to roast")

Dutch: roosten ("to roast")

Old French: rostir ("to roast")

Middle French: rostir, rôtir ("to roast")

Middle English: rosten ("to roast")

Old High German: rōsten ("to roast")

Middle High German: rœsten ("to roast")

German: rösten ("to roast")

---> Finnish: ruoste ("iron rust")

---> Karelian: ruoste ("iron rust")

---> Livonian: rūost ("iron rust")

---> Livvi: ruoste ("iron rust")

---> Ludian: ruoste ("iron rust")

Scots: roust, rowst ("iron rust")

West Frisian: roast ("iron rust")

Dutch: roest ("iron rust")

RUF-

Latin: rūfus

English: rufous

Italian: rufo

Spanish: rufo

RUM-

Old East Slavic: румꙗнъ (rumjanŭ) ("ruddy, rosy, pink")

Belarusian: руме́ны (rumjény) ("ruddy, rosy, pink")

Russian: румя́ный (rumjányj) ("ruddy, rosy, pink")

Ukrainian: рум᾽я́ний (rum᾽jányj) ("ruddy, rosy, pink")

Old Church Slavonic: роумѣнъ (ruměnŭ) ⱃⱆⰿⱑⱀⱏ (ruměnŭ) ("ruddy, rosy, pink")

Bulgarian: ру́мен (rúmen) ("ruddy, rosy, pink")

Macedonian: румен (rumen) ("ruddy, rosy, pink")

Serbo-Croatian: ру̀мен rùmen ("ruddy, rosy, pink")

Slovene: rumȅn ("ruddy, rosy, pink")

Czech: ruměný ("ruddy, rosy, pink")

Polish: rumiany ("ruddy, rosy, pink")

Slovak: rumeň ("ruddy, rosy, pink")

RAUM-

Lithuanian: raumuõ ("muscle")

Latvian: raũmins ("muscle")

ROD- ROT-

---> Livonian: rōda ("iron")

Saterland Frisian: rood

Old Saxon: rōd

Hamburgisch: rod

Old Dutch: rōd

Dutch: rood

Hunsrik: rod

Norn: rød, rø

Norwegian Bokmål: rød

Swedish: röd

Walloon: rodje

Westrobothnian: rø

Danish: rød

Elfdalian: roð, roðå

Old Norse: roða ("to be red")

Westrobothnian: röda ("to be red")

Icelandic: roði ("redness")

Old Swedish: rø̄þer

Middle Low German: rōt

Westmünsterländisch: root

Plautdietsch: root

Middle Dutch: root

Old High German: rōt

Middle High German: rōt

German: rot

Pennsylvania German: rot

Middle High German: roten ("to be red")

German: röten ("to be red")

French: rôtir ("to roast")

Luxembourgish: rout

RAT- RAD-

Tocharian B: ratre

Old Frisian: rād

RED-

Old English: rēad

Middle English: read, rede, red

English: red

Scots: rede, reid

Yola: reed

West Frisian: read

RO-

Afrikaans: rooi

Romanian: roib

Catalan: roig

Franco-Provençal: rojo

Italian: roggio

Limburgish: roead

Westrobothnian: rog, rȯuw, reod

English: rouge, ruby

French: rouge, rubis

Norman: rouoge

Occitan: roge

Gaulish: roudos

West Frisian: roester ("to roast")

English: roast ("to roast")

RU-

---> Southern Sami: ruevtie ("iron")

---> Pite Sami: ruävvde ("iron")

---> Lule Sami: ruovdde ("iron")

---> Northern Sami: ruovdi ("iron")

---> Inari Sami: ryevˈdi ("iron")

---> Skolt Sami: ruʹvdd ("iron")

---> Kildin Sami: рӯввьт (rūvvʹt) ("iron")

---> Ter Sami: rïvvʹde ("iron")

Latin: ruber

Latin: rubeus

Portuguese: rúbeo, ruivo

Spanish: rubio, rúbeo

Sardinian: arrúbiu, rúbiu, ruju

Breton: ruz

Old Irish: rúad

Irish: ruadh, rua

Manx: ruy

Scottish Gaelic: ruadh

RA-

Avestan: raoiδita

Luxembourgish: Rascht ("iron rust")

Sauerländisch: räod, raud, reyet, rout, rōet

OTHER

Faroese: reyður

Ancient Greek: ἐρεύθω (ereúthō)

Tocharian A: rtär

Article published on the 30th of October 2018.